null hypothesis
/ˌnʌl haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/
the default assumption that there is no effect or difference
null hypothesis in a sentence
“We reject the null hypothesis if p < 0.05.”
Origin of null hypothesis
Latin nullus none + Greek hypothesis
Related Words
p-value
the probability of observing results as extreme as the data, assuming the null hypothesis
confidence interval
a range of values likely to contain the true population parameter
significance
the quality of being statistically unlikely to occur by chance
power
the probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis
type I error
incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis (false positive)
type II error
failing to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative)