type I error
/ˌtaɪp ˈwʌn ˌerər/
incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis (false positive)
type I error in a sentence
“Convicting an innocent person is analogous to a type I error.”
Origin of type I error
Statistical terminology from Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson
Related Words
type II error
failing to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative)
sample
a subset of a population selected for analysis
bias
systematic error that skews results in a particular direction
hypothesis testing
a procedure for deciding between competing claims about a population
null hypothesis
the default assumption that there is no effect or difference
p-value
the probability of observing results as extreme as the data, assuming the null hypothesis