significance
/səɡˈnɪfɪkəns/
the quality of being statistically unlikely to occur by chance
significance in a sentence
“The difference was statistically significant at the 0.01 level.”
Origin of significance
Latin significare to make known, from signum sign
Related Words
power
the probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis
type I error
incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis (false positive)
type II error
failing to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative)
sample
a subset of a population selected for analysis
bias
systematic error that skews results in a particular direction
hypothesis testing
a procedure for deciding between competing claims about a population