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LLM Failure Modes·Artificial Intelligence
catastrophic forgetting

catastrophic forgetting

/ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk fərˈɡetɪŋ/

⚠️ LLM Failure Modes

losing previously learned capabilities when trained on new data

catastrophic forgetting in a sentence

“Fine-tuning on legal texts caused catastrophic forgetting of medical knowledge.”

Origin of catastrophic forgetting

Greek katastrophē overturning + Old English forgiettan to lose from memory

Related Words

repetition loop

getting stuck generating the same phrase or pattern repeatedly

context overflow

exceeding a model's context limit, which may cause a request to fail or content to be truncated, compacted, or omitted

semantic drift

subtle shifts in meaning of key terms through a conversation

overconfidence

expressing certainty beyond what the model's actual knowledge warrants

lost in the middle

the tendency to miss information buried midway through a long context

refusal

a model declining a request, sometimes wrongly, when it misreads intent as harmful

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