write skew

fractured read

one transaction writes two objects; another reads the current version of one but an older version of the other

dirty write

transactions overwrite one another forming a cycle linked purely by write-write dependencies (G0)

aborted read

an aborted transaction's write is visible to a committed transaction (G1a)

intermediate read

a transaction reads a version from the middle of another transaction rather than its final committed write (G1b)

cyclic information flow

transactions observe or overwrite each other's writes in a cyclic pattern (G1c)

garbage read

a database returns an object version not produced by any write, often from corruption or race conditions